Can I Hunt With A Registered Assault Weapon

Attack weapons are designed for the battleground and pose a serious public safety risk, making it easier for shooters to kill more people more quickly.

In the by decade, shooters armed with assault weapons have wreaked havoc in our nation'due south public spaces, from movie theaters and schools to churches, festivals, and city streets. These noncombatant versions of weapons created for the military are designed to kill humans chop-chop and efficiently. In the absence of federal legislation regulating assault weapons, states must accept it upon themselves to protect their residents from these deadly weapons.

Background

MEMO: Regulating Attack Weapons under the National Firearms Deed

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Assault weapons are a class of semi-automatic firearm specifically designed to kill humans quickly and efficiently. They are a relatively new class of weapon—during the 1980s, the gun industry sought to reverse a pass up in consumer need for guns by developing and marketing new types of weapons based on high-powered military designs.¹ Between 1994 and 2004, certain "semiautomatic assault weapons" were banned at the federal level, only currently there is no federal constabulary regulating these highly lethal weapons.

Wounds caused past assail weapons are more astringent and lethal than wounds caused by other firearms, and, particularly when paired with large capacity magazines, assault weapons can injure more people more apace. Because of this lethality, assail weapons are frequently the guns of pick for individuals who carry out horrific public attacks.

Assault weapons have been used in the seven deadliest mass shootings in the concluding decade.
An assay of public mass shootings resulting in 4 or more deaths found that more than 85% of such fatalities were caused by assault rifles.²
An assaulter with an assault rifle is able to injure and kill twice the number of people compared to an assailant with a non-assail rifle or handgun.³

A growing body of enquiry demonstrates that banning attack weapons tin help to prevent gun violence. Studies of both the lapsed federal set on weapons ban and state-level assault weapons bans testify that these laws help to reduce fatalities and injuries from mass shootings, as well as the apply of assault weapons in crime.

During the ten-twelvemonth period the federal set on weapons ban was in effect, mass shooting fatalities were 70% less likely to occur compared to the periods before and after the ban.⁴
Studies also advise that state level assault weapons bans help to prevent mass shooting deaths.^five
In several major cities, the share of recovered crime guns that were assault weapons declined by at least 32% after the federal ban was adopted.⁶
Chiefly, researchers take been able to demonstrate that the federal assault weapons ban prevented mass shootings and decreased the diversion of attack weapons to criminal utilize, despite limitations in law which immune manufacturers to circumvent the regulations.

The American public strongly supports efforts to better regulate assail weapons. 67% of Americans— including one-half of all Republicans—support a ban on assault weapons.⁷

Summary of Federal Law

The Lapsed Federal Attack Weapons Ban

In 1994, Congress adopted the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Human activity of 1994, which made it "unlawful for a person to manufacture, transfer, or possess" a semiautomatic assault weapon.⁸ The police was adopted with a sunset clause, still, and expired in 2004, despite overwhelming public support for its renewal. Thus,semi-automatic, military fashion weapons that were formerly banned nether federal law are now legal unless banned by land or local law.

The 1994 act defined the phrase "semiautomatic attack weapon" to include 19 named firearms and copies of those firearms, likewise as certain semi-automatic rifles, pistols, and shotguns with at least 2 specified characteristics from a list of features.^ix The full "semiautomatic assault weapon" definition from the 1994 act is available here. The federal ban too prohibited the transfer and possession of any new large capacity ammunition mag.^x Additional data is bachelor in our summary on Large Chapters Magazines.

70%

LOWER likelihood of mass shooting deaths

While the federal assault weapons ban was in effect, mass shooting fatalities were lxx% less probable to occur.

Source

Charles DiMaggio et al., "Changes in The states Mass Shooting Deaths Associated with the 1994–2004 Federal Assault Weapons Ban: Analysis of Open–source Data," Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 86, no. 1 (2019): 11–19.

As described to a higher place, studies show thatthe federal assault weapons ban resulted in a marked decrease in the use of assault weapons and large capacity ammunition magazines in law-breaking.

The 1994 act did suffer from notable limitations, however. The two-feature test and the inclusion of some purely cosmetic features created a loophole that allowed manufacturers to successfully circumvent the constabulary by making small-scale modifications to the weapons they already produced. The law also did not prohibit the continued transfer or possession of set on weapons manufactured before the law's effective date. Manufacturers took reward of this loophole by boosting product of assail weapons in the months leading upward to the ban, creating a legal stockpile of these guns.

The Ban on the Importation of Not-Sporting Firearms and Their Parts

Federal police force prohibits any person from importing a firearm unless authorized past the The states chaser general.¹¹ The attorney general must qualify the importation of whatsoever firearm that "is more often than not recognized as particularly suitable for or readily adjustable to sporting purposes, excluding surplus military firearms."¹² Federal law also prohibits any person from assembling from imported parts any semiautomatic rifle or any shotgun which is identical to any rifle or shotgun prohibited from importation.¹³

In 1998, ATF announced that semiautomatic rifles capable of accepting large capacity ammunition magazines "are not generally recognized equally specially suitable for or readily adjustable to sporting purposes and are therefore not importable."^fourteen However, a 2011 report past three US Senators found that, "Since the Clinton Administration's efforts, the Gun Control Deed of 1968's prohibition against non-sporting firearms has not been aggressively enforced, and many war machine-fashion, non-sporting rifles take flowed into the United States civilian marketplace."^xv

Summary of Country Police

Seven states and the District of Columbia have enacted laws banning assault weapons

California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and the Commune of Columbia prohibit assail weapons. The earliest of these assault weapon restrictions was enacted in the District of Columbia as role of a 1932 federal law, with the balance of states first adopting legislation to prohibit set on weapons later in the 20th century.¹⁶ In add-on, Minnesota and Virginia regulate assault weapons.¹⁷

Assail weapons bans can exist categorized according to:

The definition(s) of "assail weapon"
The activities that are prohibited
Whether pre-ban weapons are exempted
Whether exempted pre-ban weapons (legacy weapons) must be registered
How transportation, transfer, and possession of legacy weapons are treated

State Attack Weapons Bans

State	Listing Banned by Name	Generic Feature Definition	Requires Registration of Legacy Weapons	Prohibits Transfer of Legacy Weapons	Other Regulation of Legacy Weapons
California¹⁸	Yeah	Yes (One-Feature)	Yes	Aye	Aye
Connecticut¹⁹	Aye	Yes (One-Feature)	Aye	Yes	Aye
District of Columbia²⁰	Aye	Yes (I-Feature)	North/A²¹	Northward/A	Due north/A
Hawaii²² (assault pistols but)	No	Yeah (Two-Characteristic)	Aye	Yeah	No
Maryland²³	Yep	Yes (Two-Feature)	No²⁴	Yes	No
Massachusetts²⁵	Aye	Yep (Two-Feature)	No	No	Yes (license)
New Bailiwick of jersey²⁶	Yep	No²⁷	Yeah	No	Yes (license)
New York²⁸	No	Yes (Ane-Feature)	Yes	Yes	No

States that Regulate (But Do Not Ban) Assault Weapons

Minnesota²⁹
Virginia^xxx

Description of Land Laws Banning Assault Weapons

Some state attack weapons bans prohibit specific weapons by list them by proper noun. Some state assault weapons bans list features that, when present, qualify a gun as an set on weapon. The latter are known as generic feature tests. Generic characteristic tests—emphasizing high capacity and enhanced control during firing—are intended to place attack weapons based on the military features that enhance a weapon's lethality. Generic feature tests requiring a weapon to accept but 1 of a list of features are more than comprehensive than those that require ii. A i-feature examination captures more assail weapons and makes it harder for the gun manufacture to evade the police force by slightly modifying banned weapons.

California, Connecticut, New York, and the District of Columbia accept the most comprehensive approaches to defining assault weapons. California law bans roughly 75 assault weapon types, models, and series past name and provides a one-characteristic generic examination for rifles and pistols.³¹ Connecticut bans roughly 70 assault weapon types, models, and series past proper name and uses a one-feature generic exam for rifles and pistols. The District of Columbia includes a list of assault weapon types, models, and series by name that closely follows the California list, and provides a one-feature generic exam for rifles, pistols, and shotguns. The District besides allows its Primary of Police to designate a firearm as an assault weapon based on a determination that the firearm would pose the same or like danger to the residents of the District as other assault weapons. New York has adopted a one-feature test for assault pistols, shotguns, and rifles.

New Jersey bans roughly 65 assault weapon types, models, and series and copies of those weapons by proper name and uses a i-characteristic generic exam for shotguns.³² Connecticut and New Jersey also ban parts that may be readily assembled into an assault weapon.

The generic feature tests in other bans, including the expired federal ban, are 2-feature tests. Massachusetts law uses the definition of "set on weapon" from the expired federal police force, including both the 2-characteristic examination and the federal law's list of banned weapons. Hawaii only bans assault pistols, not assail rifles or shotguns, and uses the 2-feature definition from the federal law, but does not include a list of named weapons. Maryland uses its own two-feature test and list of named weapons.

Prohibited Activities

Assault weapons bans vary equally to which activities are prohibited. California prohibits the broadest range of activities. Both California and Connecticut prohibit possession, distribution, importation, transportation, and keeping or offer for sale of attack weapons.³³ In addition, California prohibits the manufacture and transfer of assail weapons, while Connecticut besides prohibits giving an assault weapon to another person. New Bailiwick of jersey and New York laws prohibit the manufacture, transportation, sale, shipping, transfer, disposing, and possession of attack weapons. Maryland prohibits the possession, sale, offering for sale, transfer, purchase, receipt, or transportation of assail weapons into the country.

Legacy Weapons Owned Prior to a Ban

vii

deadliest mass shootings involved assault weapons

Assault weapons were used in the vii deadliest mass shootings of the terminal decade. Designed for combat, attack weapons enable shooters to impale more people more quickly.

Source

Based on information compiled past Giffords Law Center. Last updated July 2020.

Attack weapons bans differ in their treatment of pre-ban weapons. The Commune of Columbia does non allow the possession of pre-ban weapons. Every state with a ban has legacy provisions that exempt pre-ban weapons, meaning that individuals who possessed prohibited set on weapons prior to the ban may generally keep them—provided that certain requirements are met. California, Connecticut, Hawaii, New Bailiwick of jersey, and New York, for instance, crave registration of such weapons.³⁴ New Jersey's law is particularly strong because but attack weapons with a legitimate target-shooting purpose may be registered (effectively requiring over 60 models, types and series of assail weapons to be transferred out of state, rendered inoperable, or surrendered to law enforcement). Maryland required registration of legacy assault pistols but non assail long guns. See our summary on the Registration of firearms for further information about registration systems.

California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Maryland, and New York prohibit transfer of all or most legacy weapons endemic prior to the adoption of a ban. Only California and Connecticut limit the places where a legacy weapon may exist possessed.³⁵ In Massachusetts and New Jersey, legacy weapons may but be sold and possessed if the possessor has a license. Additional information on licensing of firearm owners is contained in our summary on Licensing.

The Takings Clause

Bans on assail weapons—whether they contain legacy provisions or not—practice not present a problem under The Takings Clause of the 5th Subpoena.

The Second Amendment

Assault weapons bans have been upheld again and again over the years in both state and federal courts.³⁶ The notion that such laws violate the Second Subpoena has been soundly rejected.

Go THE FACTS

Gun violence is a complex problem, and while there's no i-size-fits-all solution, we must act. Our reports bring you the latest cut-edge enquiry and analysis about strategies to terminate our country's gun violence crisis at every level.

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Land Regulations Governing Assail Weapons

Minnesota

Minnesota prohibits the possession of "semiautomatic military-style assault weapons" by persons under 18 years of age, too as other prohibited persons, and imposes additional restrictions on transfers through firearms dealers.

Virginia

Virginia limits the knowing and intentional possession and transportation of sure semi-automatic "assault firearms" to citizens and permanent residents age 18 and older. These weapons may non be carried, loaded, in public places in certain cities and counties. Virginia as well imposes a general ban on the importation, sale, possession, and transfer of the "Striker 12" and semi-automated folding stock shotguns of like kind, only does not refer to them as "assault firearms."

District of Columbia Tort Liability Law Governing Assail Weapons

The Commune of Columbia imposes strict tort liability on manufacturers, importers, and dealers of assault weapons for all straight and consequential damages that arise from injury or expiry due to the discharge of an set on weapon in the District (with limited exceptions).³⁷

Selected Local Law

Cook County,Illinois

Adopted by Cook County, Illinois, in 1993, the Blair Holt Assault Weapons Ban prohibits the manufacture, auction, transfer, or possession of an set on weapon or large capacity magazines in Cook Canton, Illinois. The Ban was adopted in 1993, but was amended and renamed in memory of Blair Holt, a 16-year-old boy who was shot and killed equally a eyewitness when gang violence erupted on a autobus in 2007. The law includes an extensive listing of prohibited assault weapon types, models, and serial, and provides a ane-feature exam identifying other rifles, shotguns, and pistols every bit set on weapons. The law defines a large capacity magazine as any ammunition feeding device with the capacity to accept more than x rounds. The 1993 ordinance enacting this law provided that any person who was legally in possession of an assault weapon or large chapters magazine at that time had 90 days to: (1) remove it from the county; (two) change it so information technology was rendered either inoperable or so changed that information technology would fall outside the definition of "assault weapon" or "big capacity magazine;" or (3) surrender it to police force enforcement. Merely law enforcement officers and members of the military are now allowed to possess assail weapons or large chapters magazines in the canton.³⁸

Key Legislative Elements

The features listed beneath are intended to provide a framework from which policy options may be considered. A jurisdiction because new legislation should consult with counsel.

Definition of attack weapon is based on the generic features that narrate assault weapons (California, Connecticut, New York, and the District of Columbia have the most comprehensive definitions).
Definition of assault weapon is based on a one-feature test (New York, the District of Columbia and Melt County, Illinois each employ a one-feature test for shotguns, rifles, and pistols; New Jersey uses a one-characteristic test for shotguns; California and Connecticut use a one-feature examination for rifles and pistols).
Although a generic feature test is the most comprehensive arroyo, if the police force also includes a list of banned weapons by name, it provides a machinery authorizing an appropriate governmental official or agency to add new and/or modified models to the list (District of Columbia).
Definition extends to parts that may be readily assembled into an set on weapon (Connecticut and New Jersey).
Prohibited activities include possession, auction, buy, transfer, loan, pledge, transportation, distribution, importation, and industry of set on weapons (California has the broadest prohibition).
Pre-ban weapons are not exempted from a ban and instead are to be rendered inoperable or removed from the jurisdiction (District of Columbia and Cook County, Illinois; New Jersey exempted only a small category of set on weapons).
Alternatively, if pre-ban weapons are exempted and treated equally legacy weapons, there is a registration machinery for legacy weapons, with strict limits on their transferability, utilize, and storage³⁹ (California, Connecticut, Hawaii, New Bailiwick of jersey, New York).

Extreme Risk Protection Orders

Farthermost run a risk protection orders provide a proactive fashion to temporarily restrict a person showing articulate warning signs of violence from accessing firearms.

Universal Background Checks

Universal groundwork checks are essential to close mortiferous loopholes in our laws that allow millions of guns to stop upwards in the easily of individuals at an elevated risk of committing violence each yr.

Large Capacity Magazines

Large capacity magazines are ofttimes used in mass shootings because they permit a shooter to keep firing for longer periods of time, increasing casualties and reducing victims' ability to escape or arbitrate.

The Militarization of the U.s.a. Civilian Firearms Market place," Violence Policy Center, June 2011, http://www.vpc.org/studies/militarization.pdf; Christopher Due south. Koper, Daniel J. Wood, and Jeffrey A. Roth, "An Updated Assessment of the Federal Assault Weapons Ban: Impacts on Gun Markets and Gun Violence, 1994–2003," National Institute of Justice, U.s.a. Department of Justice, June 2004.[↩]
Charles DiMaggio et al., "Changes in U.s. Mass Shooting Deaths Associated with the 1994–2004 Federal Set on Weapons Ban: Analysis of Open–source Data," Periodical of Trauma and Astute Intendance Surgery 86, no. ane (2019): 11–19.[↩]
Elzerie de Jager, et al., "Lethality of Civilian Agile Shooter Incidents With and Without Semiautomatic Rifles in the United States," JAMA 320, no. 10 (2018): 1034–1035.[↩]
Charles DiMaggio et al., "Changes in US Mass Shooting Deaths Associated with the 1994–2004 Federal Assail Weapons Ban: Assay of Open–source Data," Journal of Trauma and Astute Care Surgery 86, no. 1 (2019): 11–19.[↩]
Come across, e.k., Marker Gius, "The Impact of Country and Federal Set on Weapons Bans on Public Mass Shootings," Applied Economics Messages 22, no. 4 (2015): 281–284; Arindrajit Dube, Oeindrila Dube, and Omar García-Ponce, "Cantankerous–border Spillover: United states of america Gun Laws and Violence in Mexico," American Political Science Review 107, no. three (2013): 397–417.[↩]
Christopher S. Koper, Daniel J. Woods, and Jeffrey A. Roth, "An Updated Assessment of the Federal Assault Weapons Ban: Impacts on Gun Markets and Gun Violence, 1994–2003," National Institute of Justice, US Section of Justice, June 2004.[↩]
"Gun Policy Remains Divisive, But Several Proposals Nevertheless Draw Bipartisan Back up," Pew Inquiry Center, October xviii, 2018, https://pewrsr.ch/2P8uH5t.[↩]
18 U.S.C. § 922(v)(i). All references to sections of the Violent Criminal offense Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, codified at eighteen U.Due south.C. § 921et seq., are to the sections as they appeared on September 12, 2004.[↩]
eighteen U.S.C. § 921(a)(30).[↩]
18 U.S.C. §§ 921(a)(31), 922(w)(1). The federal law defined "large capacity ammunition feeding device" as "a magazine, belt, drum, feed strip, or similar device…that has a capacity of, or that can be readily restored or converted to accept, more than than ten rounds of armament." 18 U.South.C. § 921(a)(31)(A). However, "attached tubular device[s] designed to accept, and capable of operating only with, .22 quotient rimfire ammunition" were exempted from the definition. 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)(31)(B).[↩]
xviii UsaC. §§ 922(l), 925(d)(iii). Federal law likewise prohibits whatsoever person from knowingly receiving a firearm that was imported without authorization. eighteen U.S.C. § 922(l). [↩]
18 U.Due south.C. 925(d)(iii).[↩]
eighteen UsaC. § 922(r). The constabulary also prohibits the importation of "any frame, receiver, or barrel of such firearm which would be prohibited if assembled." 18 U.S.C § 925(d)(3).[↩]
Agency of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, U.s. Section of the Treasury, Department of the Treasury Written report on the Sporting Suitability of Modified Semiautomatic Assault Rifles(April. 1998), http://www.atf.gov/files/publications/download/treas/treas-study-on-sporting-suitability-of-modified-semiautomatic-assault-rifles.pdf. Previously, in 1989, ATF used this authority to limit the importation of certain semiautomatic assail rifles.Id. at ii.[↩]
Senators Dianne Feinstein, Charles Schumer & Sheldon Whitehouse,Halting U.Southward. Firearms Trafficking to Mexico (Report to the U.S. Senate Caucus on Int'50 Narcotics Command, 2011), xiii, https://www.feinstein.senate.gov/public/_cache/files/b/due east/beaff893-63c1-4941-9903-67a0dc739b9d/E735381490CD5962A57DE3BB6DDBBE6C.061011firearmstraffickingreport.pdf. "Many of the Romanaian-manufactured AK-47s that establish their way to Mexico have been imported into the United States from Europe as a whole firearm or in parts as a kit despite a United states of america ban on the importation of semi-automatic assault rifles." Goodman & Marizco, supra note 11, "U.S. Firearms Trafficking to Mexico."[↩]
Laws prohibiting assail weapons in these states start became effective in this social club: California (Jan. 1, 1990); New Jersey (Sept. 1, 1990); Hawaii (July ane, 1992, assault pistols but); Connecticut (Oct. 1, 1993); Maryland (June ane, 1994, assault pistols only, expanded to include long guns constructive Oct. 1, 2013); Massachusetts (codification of federal assault weapons ban constructive July 23, 1998, with new land licensing requirements constructive Oct. 21, 1998); and New York (Nov. ane, 2000). The District of Columbia'south ban dates back to a 1932 federal law, re-codification by the Commune in 1975, which prohibited the possession of all semiautomatic firearms in the District of Columbia if they were capable of firing more than than 12 rounds, which effectively included all semiautomatic firearms and assault weapons. See Act of July 8, 1932, ch. 465, §§ 1, viii, 47 Stat. 650, 650, 652; Firearms Control Regulations Act of 1975, D.C. Law 1-85. The Commune of Columbia relaxed this prohibition on semiautomatic firearms in 2009 while continuing to prohibit set on weapons. Run into 56 D.C. Reg. 3438 (May 1, 2009); D.C. Code §§ 7-2502.02(a)(6), 7-2501.01(3A)(A).[↩]
In addition to having one of the land'southward strongest set on weapons bans, Connecticut too prohibits the sale or retail transfer of any semi-automated centerfire rifle that has or accepts a magazine with a capacity exceeding five rounds to any person under 21 years of age. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-37a(b)(two).[↩]
Cal. Penal Lawmaking §§ 16350, 16790, 16890, 30500-31115.[↩]
Conn. Gen. Stat. §§ 53-202a – 53-202o.[↩]
DC Lawmaking Ann. §§ seven-2501.01(3A), 7-2502.02(a)(6), 7-2505.01, seven-2505.02(a), (c).[↩]
The District of Columbia did non exempt pre-ban assault weapons.[↩]
Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. §§ 134-1, 134-four, 134-viii.[↩]
Md. Code Ann., Crim. Police §§ 4-301 – 4-306; Md. Code Ann., Pub. Condom § v-101(r).[↩]
Maryland required the registration of assault pistols, which were banned in the land many years before Maryland banned assault long guns.[↩]
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 140, §§ 121, 122, 123, 131M.[↩]
N.J. Stat. Ann. §§ 2C:39-1w, 2C:39-5, 2C:58-5, 2C:58-12, 2C:58-xiii.[↩]
New Jersey does utilise a ane-feature examination for shotguns.[↩]
Northward.Y. Penal Law §§ 265.00(22), 265.02(7), 265.10, 400.00(16-a).[↩]
Minn. Stat. §§ 624.712, 624.713, 624.7131, 624.7132, 624.7141.[↩]
Va. Code Ann. §§ 18.two-287.4, xviii.two-308.2:01, 18.2-308.2:two, 18.2-308.7, xviii.2-308.8.[↩]
California's definition of attack weapon also includes a semi-automated, centerfire rifle, or pistol with a fixed magazine capacity exceeding x rounds; a semi-automated, centerfire rifle less than thirty inches in length; and a semi-automatic shotgun with two listed features, or the ability to take a detachable magazine, or a revolving cylinder.[↩]
New Jersey also bans semi-automated rifles with a fixed magazine capacity exceeding xv rounds.[↩]
In 2006 California amended its law to make possession of an assail weapon a public nuisance. Cal. Penal Code § 30800.[↩]
Registration is critical to any law that exempts pre-ban weapons. Without such a provision, information technology would be well-nigh impossible to enforce a possession ban because there would be no manner to determine the date an individual caused possession of a banned weapon.[↩]
California and Connecticut let possession of a legacy assault weapon simply at, or when being transported amongst: the owner's holding or workplace; the belongings of an expressly-consenting owner; a licensed gun dealer (for service or repair); certain target ranges; licensed shooting clubs; or an exhibition, display or education project virtually firearms approved past law enforcement or a recognized firearm-education entity. Cal. Penal Code § 30945; Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53-202d(f). California likewise allows possession of a legacy assault weapon on publicly owned land, provided it is specifically permitted by the managing authorisation. Cal. Penal Code § 30945.[↩]
Come across, east.k., Kolbe v. Hogan, 849 F.3d 114 (4th Cir. 2017) (en banc) (Maryland'due south assault weapons ban does not violate the Second Amendment),New York State Rifle & Pistol Ass'due north 5. Cuomo, 804 F.3d 242 (2d Cir. 2015) (New York and Connecticut laws prohibiting possession of semiautomatic attack weapons and large-capacity magazines practice non violate the Second Subpoena); Friedman 5. City of Highland Park, 784 F.3d 406 (7th Cir. 2015) (upholding local ordinance prohibiting assault weapons and large capacity armament magazines); Heller v. District of Columbia ("Heller 2"), 670 F.3d 1244, 1260-64 (D.C. Cir. 2011) (upholding the District of Columbia's ban on assault weapons and large chapters ammunition magazines after applying intermediate scrutiny); Fyock five. City of Sunnyvale, 779 F.3d 991 (9th Cir. Mar. 4, 2015); Kampfer v. Cuomo, 993 F. Supp. 2d 188, at *17-19 & n.x (N.D.N.Y Jan. seven, 2014) (upholding New York'southward attack weapons ban past finding it does not substantially burden 2nd Amendment rights); People v. James, 174 Cal. App. 4th 662, 676-77 (2009) (upholding California's ban on assault weapons and .50 caliber rifles).[↩]
D.C. Code Ann. §§ vii-2551.01 – seven-2551.03. In 2005, Congress passed and the President signed into constabulary the Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (PLCAA). The PLCAA grants firearms dealers and others immunity from some civil lawsuits, with certain exceptions. fifteen U.S.C. §§ 7901 – 7903. For more information, see our page on Gun Manufacture Immunity.[↩]
Cook County Code of Ordinances §§ 54-211 – 54-213.[↩]
See our summary on the Registration for features of comprehensive registration laws. The most comprehensive arrangement of regulating the buy, possession and ownership of firearms combines registration of firearms with licensing of gun owners. Additional data on licensing of firearm owners is contained in our summary on Licensing.[↩]